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Lithium-ion battery overview Lithium-ion battery is a secondary battery. Its working principle is: during the charge and discharge process, lithium ions are in a state of movement from positive electrode → negative electrode → positive electrode. During the charge and discharge process, lithium ions are intercalated and deintercalated back and forth between the two electrodes. That is, during charging, lithium ions are deintercalated from the positive electrode and intercalated into the negative electrode through the electrolyte, and the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state. The opposite is true during discharge. Lithium-ion batteries are complex systems consisting of positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, electrolytes , separators, conductive agents, binders and packaging materials. Due to their high operating voltage, high specific energy density, long cycle life and wide operating temperature range, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in new ene...

1. Electrolyte It is an important component of lithium batteries. It conducts lithium ions inside the battery and has an important impact on the performance and life of the battery. Lithium battery electrolyte is usually composed of organic solvents, electrolytes and additives.   Organic solvent is the main component of electrolyte, which is usually a flammable, explosive and toxic liquid, such as dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), etc.  These organic solvents can dissolve electrolytes to form ion conductors, and can also provide a certain electrochemical stability.   Electrolyte is an ion conductor in the electrolyte, which is usually a lithium salt,  such as LiPF6, LiBF4, LiClO4, etc. These lithium salts can dissociate into lithium ions and negative ions in the electrolyte, thereby realizing the conduction of lithium ions.   Additives are some chemical substances added to improve the performance of the electrolyt...

What is electrolyte? The main materials of lithium-ion batteries are: positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator  . As one of the four key materials of lithium-ion batteries, electrolyte is called the "blood" of lithium-ion batteries. From the working principle of lithium ions, lithium-ion batteries are secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries) that mainly rely on the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work. During the charging and discharging process, Li+ is embedded and de-embedded between the two electrodes: when charging, Li+ is de-embedded from the positive electrode and embedded in the negative electrode through the electrolyte , and the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state; the opposite is true during discharge.

  1. Composition of electrolyte The basic functions of electrolyte: It transfers lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes, but insulates electrons to ensure that the battery can be charged and discharged smoothly. Ideal electrolyte requirements: 1) It is an excellent conductor for lithium ions and an insulator for electrons; 2) Except for the migration of lithium ions, no other side reactions occur on the electrode surface; 3) Do not react with other battery components; 4) Good chemical stability; safe and environmentally friendly;

  Lithium-ion battery:   A battery that uses materials that can undergo lithium ion embedding/de-embedding reactions as positive and negative active materials, and uses organic electrolytes or polymer electrolytes containing lithium salts. It is a secondary battery (i.e., a rechargeable battery) that mainly relies on the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.

This article introduces the role of lithium battery electrolyte in detail. The electrolyte not only plays a key role in conducting ions to complete the charging and discharging process in the battery, but also has important significance in maintaining the stable performance of the battery, preventing plate corrosion, dissipating heat, controlling temperature, improving energy and power density, providing high voltage and high specific energy, protecting battery safety, and adapting to wide temperature applications. By understanding the role of the electrolyte , it provides a reference for better design and optimization of lithium batteries and improving their performance and safety.

1. Why choose lithium battery? At present, most power batteries are still lithium batteries. Of course, sodium-ion batteries are gradually beginning to be mass-produced, but they are not the main players yet.

1. Classification of battery cells 1.1. Introduction to energy storage Nickel battery: Nickel-metal hydride battery is a good performance battery. The positive active material of nickel-metal hydride battery is Ni(OH)2 (called NiO electrode), the negative active material is metal hydride, also called hydrogen storage alloy (the electrode is called hydrogen storage electrode), and the electrolyte is 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution. The advantages of nickel battery are: high energy density, fast charge and discharge speed, light weight, long life, no environmental pollution; the disadvantages are slight memory effect, more management problems, and easy formation of monomer battery separator melting.

  1. Production process of battery cells The production process of cylindrical batteries: front process, middle process and back process. Pre-process  : Process the positive and negative electrode materials and current collectors into a certain coating weight and size The positive and negative electrodes Middle process  : Wind the pole piece and diaphragm made in the previous process into a winding core and then put it into the shell. The electrolyte is injected and sealed to form a complete battery structure. Post-process  : An important battery process for the first charging, discharging and activation of cylindrical batteries

  1. Overview of three types of batteries 1. Cylindrical battery cell The cylindrical battery cell was first invented by Sony Corporation of Japan in 1992. It has a long history of development and a high degree of standardization. Common models include 18650, 21700, 46800, etc. It adopts a mature winding process, with a high degree of automation, high production efficiency, good consistency and relatively low cost. For example, the 21700 battery used in Tesla Model 3 and Model Y, and the 46800 battery that is about to be mass-produced, once made the cylindrical battery cell popular in the market. However, there are also some problems with cylindrical batteries. Due to the cylindrical shape, the space utilization rate is low, and in the case of modularization, a large space waste will be caused. At the same time, the radial thermal conductivity is not good, the number of windings of the battery cannot be too many, and the single cell capacity is small. When used in electric vehicle...

A battery cell is the smallest unit of a battery system. Multiple battery cells form a module, and multiple modules form a battery pack. This is the basic structure of a car power battery. A battery is like a container for storing electrical energy. The amount of capacity it can store is determined by the amount of active material covered by the positive and negative electrodes. The design of the positive and negative electrode plates needs to be tailored to different models. The gram capacity of the positive and negative electrode materials , the ratio of active materials, the thickness of the electrode plates, the compaction density, etc. are also crucial to the capacity.

What are battery cells? How many types are there? The cell of a lithium-ion battery is the core unit for storing and providing electrical energy in a lithium battery system. Each cell stores and releases electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. The components of a lithium-ion secondary rechargeable battery include a cell and a protection circuit board. Among them, the cell is the core part of the rechargeable battery responsible for storing electrical energy, while the protection circuit board is responsible for the safety management of the battery. If the protection circuit board is removed, the remaining part is the cell. The quality of the cell directly determines the overall performance and quality of the rechargeable battery.

The coating and drying of lithium battery pole pieces accounts for 8% to 10% of the entire manufacturing cost of lithium batteries, which is mainly due to the low thermal efficiency of the pole piece drying process. In addition, the residual solvent in the pole piece drying process has a great impact on the stability, capacity and cycle life of the subsequent processing of the pole piece. The pole piece drying process not only affects the manufacturing cost of the battery, but also indirectly determines the manufacturing process level and safety.This paper studies the drying characteristics of the coating layer of the positive electrode of LiFePO4 battery under static drying and hot air tunnel drying conditions, and analyzes its drying rules to provide a reference for optimizing the hot air drying process and the development of corresponding drying equipment.

1. What is the coating substrate? In lithium-ion batteries, the positive and negative active materials are coated on the substrate to make the pole pieces, which are then wound or stacked to form the battery cell. The substrates used here are mainly copper foil and aluminum foil. The current lithium battery positive electrode is aluminum foil and the negative electrode is copper foil. This is because copper is easily oxidized at the positive electrode with a higher potential. At the same time, there is a dense oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum foil, which protects the internal aluminum at high potential.

1. Lithium battery pole piece production process The general process of lithium-ion battery pole piece manufacturing is : pulping, coating, drying, rolling, cutting, etc. The specific process flow is shown in the figure below.

1. Basics of Pole Design The lithium battery electrode is a coating composed of particles, which is evenly coated on the metal current collector. The lithium-ion battery electrode coating can be regarded as a composite material, which mainly consists of three parts:

Effect of coating process on lithium battery performance Pole sheet coating generally refers to a process of evenly coating the stirred slurry on the current collector and drying the organic solvent in the slurry. The coating effect has an important impact on the battery capacity, internal resistance, cycle life and safety, ensuring that the pole sheet is evenly coated. The selection of coating method and control parameters have an important impact on the performance of lithium-ion batteries, mainly manifested in:

Button battery 1 . Basic Introduction Lithium-ion button batteries are mainly composed of the following parts: positive electrode shell, negative electrode shell, (positive/negative) electrode sheet, diaphragm, gasket, spring, and electrolyte.  The C in the commonly used regular commercial button battery CR2032 indicates that the positive electrode is MnO2, and there is also a BR series, and B indicates that the positive electrode is carbon fluoride. C or B represents the button battery system, and R represents that the battery shape is round.

1. About Button cells, also known as coin cells or battery cells, are compactly designed batteries shaped like small buttons. They are widely used in various small electronic devices, such as car keys, TWS wireless earbuds, watches, calculators, hearing aids, and some medical devices and precision electronic instruments. Their characteristics include a small size and light weight, making them ideal for applications where space is limited.

1. Introduction A full cell is a complete battery system that includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a  separator , an  electrolyte , and a shell. Unlike a half-cell, a full cell can provide an accurate assessment of the electrochemical and mechanical properties of an actual battery when it is in operation. A half-cell usually uses a metal sheet or foil (such as a lithium sheet or foil) as a counter electrode, while a full cell consists of two active electrodes, one as the positive electrode and the other as the negative electrode. The design and assembly of a full cell need to consider a variety of factors, including the choice of electrode materials, the type of electrolyte, the properties of the  separator , and the structure of the battery shell to ensure the performance, safety, and reliability of the battery . Full cell testing is usually used to evaluate the degree of match between the positive and negative electrode materials and the r...

  1. The Charging and Discharging Modes of Button Cells The charging and discharging tests of button lithium batteries typically use constant current charging (CC), constant current-constant voltage charging (CC-CV), constant voltage charging (CV), and constant current discharging (DC) to test and analyze the battery's charging and discharging behavior. By analyzing the data changes during this process, various electrochemical performance parameters of the battery or material, such as capacity, coulombic efficiency, charging and discharging plateau, and internal parameter variations, can be characterized.

  1. Basic Introduction to Coin-Cell Batteries Lithium-ion coin-cell batteries are mainly composed of the following parts: positive shell, negative shell, (positive/negative) electrode sheets, separator, gasket, spring, and electrolyte. Commonly used coin-cell batteries include CR2032, CR2025, CR2016, etc. "C" represents a coin cell type, and "R" indicates the battery shape is round. The first two digits represent the diameter (in mm), and the last two digits represent the thickness (in 0.1 mm), with approximate numbers used for both. For example, the approximate dimensions of a CR2032 are 20 mm in diameter and 3.2 mm in thickness.  

The commercialization of all-solid-state battery production is a complex system engineering process, with its core mainly consisting of three key components: material system development, cell structure design, and cell production control. To produce a high-performance commercial all-solid-state battery, it is essential to master these three core aspects. Once the process for manufacturing commercial all-solid-state batteries is mastered, assembling and producing coin-type half-cells, coin-type full-cells, and simple structure flexible batteries (with a single positive/negative electrode stacked structure) becomes relatively easy.