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Preface Formation is a critical step in the production process of lithium-ion batteries. The primary purpose of formation is to generate a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the surface of the anode, which serves to isolate electrons while allowing ion conduction. The quality of the SEI formation directly affects the subsequent cycling performance of the battery. Therefore, controlling appropriate formation conditions (such as formation temperature, charging rate, applied pressure, etc.) is a crucial production step. The SEI formation process is accompanied by an increase in the volume of the battery. This increase is attributable to two main factors: the gaseous byproducts generated during the film formation reaction and the expansion of the anode structure as lithium ions are extracted from the cathode and intercalate into the anode.   In this study, in-situ volume monitoring instruments (GVM) are employed to conduct in-situ volume testing of NCM523/graphite cells (theoretic...

[Research Background] Formation is a critical step in the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries. During the formation process, the electrolyte is reduced at the anode, resulting in the formation of a Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) layer. To ensure the stability of the SEI layer, traditional formation processes are typically conducted at low current densities, which are time-consuming and expensive. Optimizing the formation process is essential for balancing battery performance and manufacturing efficiency. However, the optimization of the formation process faces numerous challenges due to the complex relationship between formation parameters and battery aging mechanisms, as well as the high dimensionality of the experimental parameter space and the long feedback cycles.  While traditional views suggest that slower formation conditions help prevent lithium plating, some studies have shown that lithium plating does not necessarily have a negative impact on cycling performance ...

一.Introduction As a representative of modern high-performance secondary batteries, each stage of the manufacturing process of lithium-ion batteries directly impacts the performance, lifespan, and safety of the final product. Among these, Formation and Aging & Grading are crucial post-processing techniques in cell manufacturing. This article will systematically analyze the core aspects of these processes, covering their principles, key parameters, influencing factors, and directions for technological development. 二. Formation Process 1. Definition and Purpose of Formation Process The formation process refers to the initial charging activation of a cell, during which solid electrolyte interface (SEI) films are formed on the surface of the anode through electrochemical reactions. The main functions include: SEI Film Formation: Passivating the active surface of the anode to prevent continuous decomposition of the electrolyte. Removal of Residual Moisture: Reducing moisture content thr...

Introduction: Button cells are one of the commonly used battery types in laboratories, widely applied in material development, electrochemical performance testing, and other fields. This article provides a detailed introduction to the complete process of button cell electrode preparation and battery assembly, including required materials, equipment, steps, and precautions, offering comprehensive guidance for relevant researchers. 一. Overview of Button Cells Button cells consist of a set of button cell casings and internal components. Stainless steel battery casings are widely used in laboratory testing due to their good electrochemical stability, excellent sealing, small size, simple assembly, and low cost. Common models include CR2032, CR2025, CR2016, etc., with CR2032 battery casings (20mm in diameter, 3.2mm in thickness) often used in laboratories. Additionally, there is a reusable Swagelok battery, with a stainless steel casing and PTFE liner, suitable for battery disassembly and a...

Introduction Soft-pack battery cells, referring to cells using aluminum-plastic composite film as packaging material, have seen widespread application in the lithium-ion battery field due to their high energy density, enhanced safety, and flexible design. Below, I will provide a detailed introduction to the manufacturing process of soft-pack battery cells, covering material preparation, critical steps, and post-processing aspects. 1. Cell Design Cell design refers to the process of assembling the cathode material, anode material, electrolyte, separator, and current collectors for the positive and negative electrodes in specific proportions and processes to meet particular electrical performance requirements. This process requires designers to understand the characteristics of various materials, possess extensive electrochemical knowledge, and have the ability to think logically and comprehensively. 1.1 Clarify Design Requirements It's important to clarify the usage scenarios for th...