6 major trends
In the future , the negative electrode materials of lithium batteries may be developed in six directions :
1.
Energy density increases
The theoretical specific capacity of new negative electrode materials such as lithium metal is as high as 3860mAh / g ，Traditional graphite negative electrode （ 372mAh / g ）Of 10 More than twice。By combining solid-state batteries with metal lithium anodes, solid-state batteries based on lithium anodes can achieve higher energy density. Domestic enterprises have released solid-state batteries based on metal lithium anodes with energy density of 400Wh / kg or more.
2.
Faster charging and discharging
In 2024 , the demand for 4C fast charging products for global power batteries will show an increasing trend year by year , and is expected to reach 2024 market share of 10 % . For example , Baterui 's fast charging material can achieve fast charging performance in about 10 minutes , and the low temperature performance has also been significantly improved .
3.
Increased cycle life
The researchers effectively enhanced the structural stability of silicon-carbon wafer materials through nanostructure design, special carbon coating technology and other means, and extended the battery cycle life of some advanced silicon-carbon welding materials.
4.
Cost reduction
At present, graphite anode still dominates, accounting for 96.6% of China's lithium battery anode shipments in 2023。Graphite is the most costly process in many of the production of graphite negatives, accounting for about 50% of the total cost.Many graphite negative electrode material enterprises are trying to reduce the production cost of graphitization, such as Shanshan shares Yunnan 300,000 tons / year graphite negative electrode material through integrated capacity construction, reduce the cost of intermediate links, while continuously promote the process optimization and improvement, greatly reduce the graphitization cost；Shangtai Technology has successfully reduced production costs by introducing the baking process before graphite, an innovative process, and its electricity price at its base in Shanxi is only 0.3 yuan / wh, which has obvious advantages of low electricity prices.Through the gradual application of new technology and equipment and the continuous optimization of product structure, PTG has improved the cost of its graphitization process.
5.
Optimization of industrial competitive landscape
On the one hand, the concentration of industry has become higher. 。 The advantageous enterprises have occupied a greater share of the market through technological innovation, scale expansion, etc. Some of the less competitive enterprises have gradually been eliminated or merged, which has centralized the resources in the industry to a few advantageous companies and improved the concentration of the industry. At present, the market for passive material is highly competitive, Resources are being concentrated to the top companies, Many small businesses are gradually exiting the market because they are unable to withstand the cost pressures and technical barriers. Headquarters companies have obvious advantages in terms of scale, technology, customer resources and so on, and shipments continue to grow. On the other hand, products form a differentiated competitive pattern. In order to avoid fierce price competition in the homogenized market , enterprises have formed unique advantages in battery materials , battery structure and battery performance through R D investment , and launched differentiated products to meet the needs of different customer groups . Leading enterprises such as Baterui , Shanshan Co . , Ltd . and Shangtai Technology have strengthened R D innovation and implemented " Differentiation " The product strategy and business scale are rising rapidly . Among them, Shangtai Technology is expected to reach an annual output of 340,000 tons of negative electrode materials by the end of 2025；Shanshan Co., Ltd. is also expanding its capacity. Its North Soviet Union Phase II project of 100 thousand tons / year will be gradually put into production by the end of 2025;As one of the earliest companies in China to mass produce silicon-based negative electrode materials, the silicon-carbon negative electrode material has a specific capacity of more than 2000 Ah / g, and the silicon-oxygen negative electrode material has a specific capacitance of more than 1500 Ah / g.
6.
Overseas placement accelerates
The 80,000-ton / year negative electrode material integrated project （ Phase I ） in Indonesia has been completed and put into operation in August 2024 , and the total production capacity will reach 160,000 tons / year after the completion of Phase II . Zhongke Electric announced in April 2024 that it plans to set up a wholly-owned subsidiary to indirectly invest in the establishment of a Moroccan project company to implement the 100,000 tons / year anode material integrated base project。PTG announced in May 2023 that it intends to invest in Sweden through its wholly-owned subsidiary PTG （Singapore） Limited 。 Zi chen Technology （ Sweden ） Co . , Ltd . , to carry out the construction of a 100,000 tons / year anode material integrated production and R D base in Sweden .
Since 2024, the price of negative electrode materials has shown a downward trend and has been hovering at a low level. The overall price is close to the bottom。The price of artificial graphite (low end) fell from 21,000 yuan / ton to 16,500 yuan a ton, a drop of 21.43%.With the support of positive factors such as the improvement of the concentration of negative electrode materials industry, the slowdown of capacity expansion, the growth of demand, the strong sentiment of enterprises to maintain prices, and the "differentiation" advantages of products, the 2025 negative electrode materials market price is expected to show a "bottom bounce" trend .
At present , the negative electrode material industry of lithium battery is in the stage of rapid development . Facing the dual driving of increasing market demand and technological progress , it is expected to continue to maintain a strong momentum of growth . In the next few years , the negative electrode materials of lithium batteries will continue to develop towards high performance and low cost , in order to meet the growing market demand . Technological innovation and material optimization will continue to be key drivers for the industry .
Source: China Chemical Information Weekly, High-Tech Research and Development Institute of Lithium Battery，China Business Research Institute, Longzheng Information, Zhiyan Consulting, Horizontal New Energy, Zhang Yuan Chong, Xinwei Research, China Chemical Information Weekly, Silicon Materials Innovation and Application, SMM Graphite Anode and other public channels
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