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The formation process is an indispensable step in the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries, as it directly affects the battery’s performance, safety, and lifespan. One of the key roles during the formation process is the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film on the surface of the anode. The SEI film protects the anode material from further erosion by the electrolyte, preventing the dissolution of the anode material in the electrolyte and thus extending the battery’s lifespan. At the same time, a stable SEI film can prevent the continuous decomposition of the electrolyte during subsequent charging and discharging cycles, reducing internal side reactions and thereby minimizing performance degradation. The formation process of lithium batteries is divided into four steps: open-circuit charging, closed-circuit charging, closed-circuit aging, and closed-circuit discharging. 1.Open-Circuit Charging (Pre-charging or Gas Venting) This step primarily involves charging ...

An Overview of the Four Steps in the Formation of Lithium Batteries The formation process is an indispensable step in the manufacturing of  lithiumion batteries , as it directly affects the battery’s performance, safety, and lifespan. One of the key roles during the formation process is the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film on the surface of the anode. The SEI film protects the  anode  material from further erosion by the electrolyte, preventing the dissolution of the anode material in the  electrolyte  and thus extending the battery’s l...