Lithium-ion Full Cell Manufacturing Process Training--Anode Materials Section

1.Role and Selection Criteria of Anode Materials

1.1.Principles for Selecting Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries

Selection Principles for Anode Materials：

High specific energy;

As low as possible electrode potential relative to lithium electrode;

Good reversibility during charging and discharging processes;

Favorable surface structure that forms a good SEI film with the electrolyte;

Excellent structural dimensions and mechanical stability during insertion/extraction processes to ensure good cycling performance;

Good electronic and ionic conductivity of the insertion compound to reduce polarization;

High diffusion coefficient of lithium ions within the material for facile rapid charging and discharging;

Abundant resources and low cost;Stable and non-toxic in air.

2.Types of Anode Materials

Classification of Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries:
Currently, the commercialized anode materials are mainly graphite, LTO, and silicon-based materials.

 

2.1.Development Direction

Silicon anodes and lithium metal anodes have become the medium- to long-term development directions due to their high specific capacity.

 

3.Introduction to Anode Materials

3.1.Graphite

1.Graphite is a commonly used anode material in lithium-ion batteries.

Graphite mainly includes:
Natural Graphite

Artificial Graphite

2.What is Graphite?

①Graphite has a layered structure, with the layers bound together by van der Waals forces.

②The basal plane and edge plane of graphite exhibit different properties.

 

4.Commonly Used Modification Schemes for Graphite Anodes

4.1.Graphite Material Charging and Discharging

During the insertion of lithium into graphite, the charging and discharging voltage remains relatively stable. The reversible insertion of lithium ions into the graphite layers primarily occurs below 0.2V. There are distinct lithium insertion platforms near the three potential levels of 0.2V, 0.12V, and 0.08V.

 

4.2.Compatibility of Graphite with Electrolytes

The choice of electrolyte has a significant impact on the electrochemical performance of the material!